Sundanese is one of the tribes in Indonesia
that comes from western Java. This tribe is famous for its culinary paradise. In
fact, the Sundanese are known for their white-skinned, beautiful and handsome
people. In addition, Sunda also has a dance art that is quite famous until now.
That is “Jaipongan”.
Jaipongan has been known to be an art dance
from the Sundanese community in West Java. This dance has become an icon of the
tribe of Sunda. Almost in every event of art or intent, even a special carrying
Sundanese culture or not, Jaipongan dance seemed to be a mandatory agenda to be
performed.
Jaipongan was born through the creative
process of the cold hands of H Suanda around 1976 in Karawang, Jaipongan is a
cultivation that combines several elements of traditional art karawang such as
pencak silat, wayang golek, banjet mask, ketuk tilu and others. Jaipongan have
been growing rapidly in Karawang in the beginning of 1976. Jaipongan position
at that time became the art of alternative entertainment performances of
traditional arts that have grown and developed earlier in karawang such as
pencak silat, topeng banjet, ketil tilu, tarling and wayang golek. The
existence of jaipong gives new and different colors and patterns in the form of
packaging, ranging from the arrangement of the musical composition to the form
of the composition of the dance. Before this performance art, there are some
influences that became the reason for the formation of this social dance. In
the urban area of Priangan for example, in the elite society, social dance
influenced Ballroom dance from the West. While in folk art, social dance
influenced local tradition. Traditional dance performances are not separated
from the existence of ronggeng and pamogoran. This dance began to be widely
known since the 1970s. The emergence of dance by Gumbira Gugum was originally
called Ketuk Tilu development, because the dance base was the development of
Ketuk Tilu. The first work of Gugum Gumbira is still very thick with the color
of ibing Ketuk Tilu, both in terms of choreography and accompaniment, then
became popular with the dance of Jaipongan.
Characteristics of Jaipongan Kaleran style namely;
cheerfulness, erotic, humorous, spirit, spontaneity, and simplicity (natural,
what it is). This is reflected in the pattern of presentation of dance to the
show, there are given the pattern (Ibing Pola) as in the art of Jaipongan that
exist in Bandung, there are also dances that are not in the pattern (Ibing
Saka), for example in Jaipongan Subang and Karawang art. This term can be found
in Jaipongan Kaleran style, especially in Subang area. In its presentation,
this Jaipongan style of tangling, as follows: 1) Tatalu; 2) Flower Gadung; 3)
Gopar Kawung Fruit; 4) The Opening Dance (Ibing Pattern), usually performed by
single dancer or Sinden Tatandakan (sinden attack but cannot sing but dancing
sinden song / interpreter); 5) Jeblokan dan Jabanan, is part of the show when
the audience (bajidor) sawer money or giving money (jabanan) while greeting
outboard. The term jeblokan defined as a couple who settled between sinden and
spectator (bajidor).
Jaipongan may be referred to as one of the
identity of West Java, this is seen in some important events related to guests
from foreign countries who come to West Java, then greeted with Jaipongan dance
performance. Similarly, the arts missions to foreign countries are always
equipped with Jaipongan dance. Jaipongan dance influences many other arts in
West Java society, both in wayang art performance, degung, genjring /
terbangan, jaipong, and almost all the folk performances as well as in modern
dangdut music that collaborated with Jaipong into Pong-Dut art. Jaipongan has
been diplopolized by Mr. Nur & Leni.
